Improvement in icardlng-engines



UNITED STATES" PATENT `OFFICE.

CHARLES POOLEY, OF CHARLTON-UPON-MEDLOCK, COUNTY OF LANCASTER,

ENGLAND.

IMPROVEMENT IN CARDING-ENGINES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 4,706, dated August 22, 1846.

l.To MZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES PooLEY, cot ton-spinner, a subject of the Queen of Great I Britain, and now residingat Oharlton-uponof the description called carding-engines,

whereby the cotton or other fibrous substance subjected to the operation of carding is more expeditiously effected and with less Waste of the substance than by the machines of a similar description now usually constructed, and, j

secondly, in an improved construction of rollers employed in the drawing-head of such and other machines used in prepariing to be spun l and in spinning wool and other fibrous substances, and commonly called top rollers, n

so that they shall have such greater degree of elasticity than the top rollers in ordinary use as shall prevent their covers from becoming grooved or hollowed ont'on the surface.`

The manner in which my said invention is to be performed and carried into effect is set forth and ascertained by the description thereof hereinafter contained, having reference t0 the drawings, which are hereinafter described.

Figure l of the said drawings represents a top View of my improved cardingengine. Fig. 2 is an elevation of one side of it. Fig. 3 is an elevation of the other side, and Fig. 4

is a central longitudinal and vertical section of it.

a in the figures represents the main drum, h the dolfer, and c c c, &c., a row of top cards placed in the usual manner above the main drum.

The lap of cotton a for feedingl the carding-engine is arranged at the same end of it as is the doffer, and it is supported by the two rollers d and e, which are made to revolve and unwind it as follows: Upon the shaft of the doer-cylinder h is fixed a cam s, (seen in Fig. l and partially in dotted lines in Fig. 2,) Which acts upon a lever t, so as to raise the rod o, the weight of the rod causing it to descend when liberated. On the end of the shaft ofthe roller d is fixed a ratchet-wheel w, and the end of the rod o is provided with a catch suitable to act upon the teeth of the ratchet-Wheel wso that each time the doer revolves and the rod is lifted upward the roller (l will be turned part of a revolution and communicate the same motion to the roller e by means of the pinions O, D, and E, applied t-o said rollers as seen in the drawings, Fig. 3. By means of the above the lap of cotton will be unwlound and delivered to ythe feed-rollers f and g, by which it is prei sented to the main drum a. The feed-rollers f and g are situated as seen in the drawings and worked by means of the pinion Z, (on the doffer-shaft,) which drives the gear-Wheel m', which takes into and drives the gear-Wheel B, fixed on the shaft of the feed-roller f. The feed-roller g is driven by pinions o c', fixed on the ends of the shafts ofthe rollers fand g, respectively, as seen in Fig. 3.

h h, oto., and i c', dac., are a Series of small rollers commencing at a short distance under the feed-roller g, thence passing under the main drum, and terminating on the opposite side near to the first of the top cards, as shown in Fig. 4. Part of the rollers forming the series are what are commonly called workers, and part of them are what are commonly called clearers The workers are all marked h h, dac., and the clearers are all marked 7,' z', ne. It will be seen on examining the drawings that the workers and clearers' at the first part of the series are placed alternately, and in the next portion of the series two workers are placed for one clearer, and at the concluding part seven workers are placed to one clearer.

I have shown .the rollers and clearers in such number, l size, and arrangement as I consider to be the best; but thesame may be variously modified Without materially affecting the nature of my invention, each clearer being placed immediately after the Worker with which it is connected in the direction in..

which the main drum revolves. l V

The workers and clearers h h, &c., and i' i, &c., are made to revolve slowly by means of two endless chains 7o lo, (shown in Figs. 1 and 2.) These Workers and clearers revolve in small bearing-plates d d', 85e., which are bolted or screwed to segments 0 o, fixedto the side frames of the engine in the position as shown in Figs. 2 and 3. Upon the aXis of the wheel 'rn is `fixed the double chain-wheel n,

(seen in dotted lines,) which gives motion Ato the two endless chains, and thereby drives the workers h h, &c., and clearers z' fr', dsc., by means of small spoke-wheels p p, 85e., one of which is fixed on the shaft of each of the workers and clearers, as shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings. The links of the chain lo act on these spoke-wheels, so that when the double-chain 'pulley 'n is revolved all the workers and clearers will be putin motion by it, each alternate roller being driven by one of the chains and the remainder by the other of the said chains.

The workers h h, &c., and clearers 1l fi, dac., are covered with card fillet to the same length or lengths as the main drum of the carding-engne. After the cotton has passed under the top cards C it is taken 0E the main drum a by a carrying-roller q, (which should be covered with cardillet,) and by itconveyed to and delivered on the dofer-cylinder b. From thence it is taken off or doffed by the top edge of the comb 7', disposed as seen in the drawings. The cotton then passes through a drawing-head, (shown at F,) and falls into a can or cans G Gr, in the usual manner.

The carrying-,roller q is driven by a strap which passes from around a large pulley fr, fixed on the shaft on the main drum a., to and around a small pulley y on the same' axis with a gear-wheel z, which takes into the pinion A, fixed on the shaft of the carryingroller q, the said roller being thereby driven at a quick speed in order to strip the cotton from the main drum more completely than when it is delivered immediately from the drum to the doffer, as is ordinarily practiced. The cotton is prevented from iiying oif from the carrying-roller q in its rapid revolutions by means of a trough-shaped piece of wood f placed under a wooden cover g', arranged upon the roller.

I have shown my improved top roller in Figs. l, 5, and G of the drawings, Fig. 5 being a Vertical and longitudinal section and Fig. 6 being a transverse section of it. I place side by side on a spindle h', having a xed ange i at one end, a number of washers k la', dto., made of Woolen cloth or other material or materials substantially similar, and after 'a sufficient number to give the required elasticity has been so placed I force and keep them in their positions by another ange Z', which is screwed or otherwise fast.- ened upon the spindle. Upon a roller so formed I put an ordinary leather cover m in the usual manner. By an elastic roller being so covered the leather on its surface does no wear into ridges or grooves.

Having now described the nature of the invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim as my inventionl. The afore-described arrangement of the clearers and workers above and below the main cylinder, in combination with the arrangement for feeding and dofting at one and the same side of the cylinder or end of the machine, the Whole being substantially as above specified.,

2. The construction of the top roller by the combination of a cover of aleather or other substantially-similar material, With the body made of washers of cloth or other substance having like properties eifecting a like purpose, as described.

CHAS. POOLEY.

mted States fo?1 Liver- 

